Objective To evaluate the safety and effect of one-way barbs line (absorbable sutures v - locTM180) in primary suturing of laparoscopic choledocholithotomy. Methods From July 2014 to June 2015, clinical data of 86 cases performed primary suturing in laparoscopic choledocholithotomy by the same performer were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups, One-way barbs line continuous full-thickness suture group (A group), ordinary absorption line continuous full-thickness suture group (B group) and ordinary absorption line discontinuous full-thickness suture group (C group). The bile duct suture needed time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative eating time, postoperative hospital stay and postoperative bile fistula were compared. Results All the 86 cases underwent successful operation without T tube, and none of them received alternative open operation. Compared with group B and C, time needed for bile duct suturing in A group have statistical significance. There was no significant difference in the intraoperative blood loss, postoperative eating time, postoperative hospital stay between the three groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative bile fistula in A group were none. The incidence of postoperative bile fistula in B group was 1 case, the incidence of postoperative bile fistula in C group was 2 cases. Conclusions The method of one-way barbs line continuous full-thickness suture were simple and secure in primary suturing of laparoscopic choledocholithotomy.