摘要
回顾性分析2017年10月-2019年10月于该院行胃癌根治术的60例AGC患者的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为LARG组(n = 32)和ORG组(n = 28),检测两组患者手术前后血清炎性因子和T细胞亚群水平,比较两组患者术后并发症发生情况。
LARG组切口长度、肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、引流管拔管时间和住院时间均较ORG组短(P < 0.05),手术时间较ORG组长(P < 0.05),术中出血量较ORG组少(P < 0.05);LARG组术后镇痛药物使用率(9.38%)低于ORG组(32.14%)(P < 0.05),术后1、3和7 d视觉模拟评分(VAS)低于ORG组(P < 0.05);LARG组术后3和7 d白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均低于ORG组(P < 0.05),CD
近年来的流行病学调查表明,进展期胃癌(advanced gastric cancer,AGC)好发于50岁以上的男性,常见临床症状为疼痛、体重减轻和较为明确的消化道症
回顾性分析2017年10月-2019年10月于本院行胃癌根治术的60例AGC患者的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为LARG组(n = 32)和ORG组(n = 28)。其中,男43例,女17例;年龄55~76岁,平均(69.21±5.53)岁;肿瘤直径(4.61±1.15)cm;TNM分期:Ⅰb期6例,Ⅱa期21例,Ⅱb期25例,Ⅲa期8例;行毕Ⅰ式吻合术8例,毕Ⅱ式吻合术35例,Roux-Y式吻合术17例。两组患者一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。见
注: †为t值
纳入标准:①符合《消化道肿瘤诊治新进展》中胃癌的诊断标
所有患者行气管内插管全身麻醉。
麻醉成功后于脐孔处穿刺,建立CO2气腹,压力维持在10~12 mmHg,于左侧腋前线肋缘2 cm处行10 mm Trocar穿刺作为主操作孔,脐下行10 mm Trocar穿刺作为观察孔,左锁骨中线平脐1 cm处行5 mm Trocar穿刺作为辅助操作孔,置入腹腔镜,探查清楚肿瘤位置、浸润程度、有无转移以及与周围组织的关系后,进行胃系膜游离和淋巴结清扫,完成D2根治术后,在上腹正中行4~6 cm的辅助切口,使用切口保护器保护切口,将胃提出至切口外,用温热的蒸馏水冲洗腹腔,吸净积液后,完成消化道的切除与重建,常规留置引流管,最后逐层缝合切口。
术前、术后3 d和术后7 d取肘正中空腹静脉血6 mL,室温下自然凝集30 min后,离心(半径15 cm,转速3 000 r/min)15 min,分离血清后置入-80℃冷库中待测,仪器选用西门子ADVIA1650全自动生化分析仪,采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平,采用快速免疫比浊法检测C反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)水平,采用碱性磷酸酶-抗碱性磷酸酶桥联酶标法(alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase technique,APAAP)测定外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD
①观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、肛门排气时间、引流管拔管时间和住院时间,记录两组淋巴结清扫数目;②观察两组患者术后镇痛药物使用情况,术后1、3和7 d采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估患者疼痛程度,分值越高,表明疼痛越强
LARG组切口长度、肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、引流管拔管时间和住院时间均较ORG组短(P < 0.05),手术时间较ORG组长(P < 0.05),术中出血量较ORG组少(P < 0.05),两组淋巴结清扫数目比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。见
LARG组术后镇痛药物使用率为9.38%,低于ORG组的32.14%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);术后1、3和7 d的VAS评分低于ORG组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
注: †为�
两组患者术后3和7 d血清IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平均高于术前(P < 0.05),术后7 d血清IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平均低于术后3 d(P < 0.05);LARG组术后3和7 d血清IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平均低于ORG组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
注: 1)与同组术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);2)与同组术后3 d比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);3)与ORG组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)
两组患者术后3和7 d CD
注: 1)与同组术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);2)与同组术后3 d比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);3)与ORG组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)
LARG组并发症发生率为3.12%,低于ORG组的21.43%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
胃癌常见的病因包括地域环境、饮食生活习惯、幽门螺杆菌(helicobacter pylori,HP)感染和遗传因素
本研究显示,LARG组切口长度较ORG组短、术中出血量较ORG组少,但两组淋巴结清扫数目比较,差异无统计学意义,与既往研
手术创伤作为一种应激源,可通过多种途径介导机体炎性反应。IL-6是最敏感的组织损伤标志,在手术或创伤的早期即有表达,能够介导炎症损伤,在机体免疫应答、细胞周期调控和肿瘤转移中发挥重要作用。CRP属于急性时相蛋白,在机体创伤后早期反应最敏感,且CRP水平与手术创伤情况、术中失血量和术后疼痛程度密切相关。TNF-α生物学活性较为复杂,可参与免疫调控,在机体炎症损伤过程中具有重要的作用。本研究显示,两组患者术后3和7 d血清炎性因子水平均高于术前,进一步证实手术能够引起应激炎性反应,但LARG组术后3和7 d IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平明显低于ORG组,与既往研
细胞免疫机制在机体抗肿瘤效应中发挥重要作用。CD
综上所述,LARG治疗AGC效果确切,可降低血清炎性因子水平,对机体免疫功能影响较轻,且术后并发症发生率较低。本研究不足之处在于样本数量较少,可能会对结果造成一定的统计学偏倚,但本研究为AGC患者的临床治疗提供了相关理论支持。
(彭薇 编辑)
参 考 文 献
SASAKI A, NAKAMURA Y, MISHIMA S, et al. Predictive factors for hyperprogressive disease during nivolumab as anti-PD1 treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Gastric Cancer, 2019, 22(4): 793-802. [百度学术]
李磊, 费建东, 宋利琴, 等. 进展期胃癌患者新辅助化疗联合腹腔镜治疗疗效及不良反应[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2020, 40(3): 516-518. [百度学术]
LI L, FEI J D, SONG L Q, et al. Efficacy and adverse reactions of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with laparoscopy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Gerontology, 2020, 40(3): 516-518. Chinese [百度学术]
TOGASHI Y, KAMADA T, SASAKI A, et al. Clinicopathological, genomic and immunological features of hyperprogressive disease during PD-1 blockade in gastric cancer patients[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2018, 36(15_suppl): 4106. [百度学术]
林琳, 许庆文, 徐飞鹏, 等. 腹腔镜与开腹全胃切除术联合D2淋巴结清扫在中上部进展期胃癌中的分子学疗效及预后分析[J]. 癌症进展, 2018, 16(1): 77-83. [百度学术]
LIN L, XU Q W, XU F P, et al. Molecular efficacy and prognosis of laparoscopic and open total gastrectomy combined with D2 lymphadenectomy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer in middle-upper part[J]. Oncology Progress, 2018, 16(1): 77-83. Chinese [百度学术]
戴春, 谭明, 耿兴荣, 等. 腹腔镜辅助小切口胃癌根治术在进展期胃癌患者的应用[J]. 江苏医药, 2019, 45(2): 203-205. [百度学术]
DAI C, TAN M, GENG X R, et al. Application of laparoscopic-assisted small incision radical gastrectomy in patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Jiangsu Medical Journal, 2019, 45(2): 203-205. Chinese [百度学术]
吴杨, 姚寒晖, 梁伟, 等. 腹腔镜辅助胃癌D2根治术治疗老年进展期远端胃癌患者的临床价值及近期预后[J]. 安徽医学, 2018, 39(8): 903-906. [百度学术]
WU Y, YAO H H, LIANG W, et al. Clinical effect of laparoscopic assisted D2 radical surgery on elderly patients with advanced distal gastric cancer and its short-term prognosis[J]. Anhui Medical Journal, 2018, 39(8): 903-906. Chinese [百度学术]
陈丽苹, 贾鑑慧, 于清蕊. 进展期胃癌辅助治疗的现状与进展[J]. 医学与哲学, 2016, 37(6): 58-60. [百度学术]
CHEN L P, JIA J H, YU Q R. Current status and progress of adjuvant therapy for advanced gastric cancer[J]. Medicine & Philosophy, 2016, 37(6): 58-60. Chinese [百度学术]
胡祥. 日本«胃癌处理规约»及«胃癌治疗指南»变更的新动态[J]. 中国实用外科杂志, 2016, 36(6): 648-651. [百度学术]
HU X. New treatment modalities for Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines and classification[J]. Chinese Journal of Practical Surgery, 2016, 36(6): 648-651. Chinese [百度学术]
LE MAY S, BALLARD A, KHADRA C, et al. Comparison of the psychometric properties of 3 pain scales used in the pediatric emergency department: visual analogue scale, faces pain scale-revised, and colour analogue scale[J]. Pain, 2018, 159(8): 1508-1517. [百度学术]
王西刚, 汪东树. 腹腔镜与开放D2根治术治疗进展性胃癌的疗效比较[J]. 中国医刊, 2018, 53(7): 734-736. [百度学术]
WANG X G, WANG D S. Comparison of laparotomy and laparoscopic D2 radical mastectomy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Medicine, 2018, 53(7): 734-736. Chinese [百度学术]
AOKI M, SHOJI H, IMAZEKI H, et al. The hyperprogressive disease during nivolumab treatment or irinotecan treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2019, 37(4_suppl): 124. [百度学术]
哈丽达·夏尔甫哈孜, 冯娟, 范晓棠, 等. 进展期胃癌根治术后5年预后因素分析及生存预测模型的建立[J]. 胃肠病学和肝病学杂志, 2020, 29(10): 1129-1133. [百度学术]
HALIDA X, FENG J, FAN X T, et al. Analysis of prognostic factors and establishment of predictive model for predicting 5-year survival of advanced gastric cancer after radical surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2020, 29(10): 1129-1133. Chinese [百度学术]
李维宏, 潘源. 腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗老年进展期胃癌比较[J]. 中国中西医结合外科杂志, 2018, 24(2): 160-164. [百度学术]
LI W H, PAN Y. Efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted and open radical gastrectomy for elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Surgery of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2018, 24(2): 160-164. Chinese [百度学术]
袁传威, 周毅, 罗苏明, 等. 腹腔镜辅助与传统开放胃癌根治术治疗老年胃癌患者安全性及疗效比较的Meta分析[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2018, 25(4): 444-455. [百度学术]
YUAN C W, ZHOU Y, LUO S M, et al. Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy versus conventional open gastrectomy for elderly patients with gastric cancer: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics in General Surgery, 2018, 25(4): 444-455. Chinese [百度学术]
肖毅频, 熊璐琪, 钟晓华, 等. 腹腔镜胃癌根治术对进展期胃癌患者腹腔冲洗液CEA、DDC浓度及炎性因子影响研究[J]. 临床和实验医学杂志, 2018, 17(9): 986-990. [百度学术]
XIAO Y P, XIONG L Q, ZHONG X H, et al. Effect of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy on CEA and DDC concentrations and inflammatory factors in peritoneal lavage fluid of patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2018, 17(9): 986-990. Chinese [百度学术]
苏维宏, 侯利民. 腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术的疗效及术后并发症相关因素分析[J]. 安徽医学, 2019, 40(8): 920-923. [百度学术]
SU W H, HOU L M. Efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted radical resection of distal gastric cancer and related factors of postoperative complications[J]. Anhui Medical Journal, 2019, 40(8): 920-923. Chinese [百度学术]
杨海棠, 杨凯歌, 杨磊. 腹腔镜辅助D2式胃癌根治术治疗老年进展期胃癌临床观察[J]. 中华实用诊断与治疗杂志, 2019, 33(5): 478-479. [百度学术]
YANG H T, YANG K G, YANG L. Laparoscopic assisted D2 radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in elderly patients[J]. Journal of Chinese Practical Diagnosis and Therapy, 2019, 33(5): 478-479. Chinese [百度学术]
姬乐, 刘涛, 白浪, 等. 腹腔镜远端胃癌D2根治术对老年进展期胃癌病人CEA、DDC及血清HIF-1α、MACC1的影响[J]. 临床外科杂志, 2018, 26(10): 739-743. [百度学术]
JI L, LIU T, BAI L, et al. Effect of laparoscopic D2 radical distal gastrectomy on expression of peritoneal lavage levels of CEA, DDC and serum levels of HIF-1α, MACC1 in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Surgery, 2018, 26(10): 739-743. Chinese [百度学术]
李天雄, 尹刚, 孙志鹏, 等. 腹腔镜手术治疗浆膜受侵进展期胃癌的疗效及生存分析[J]. 癌症进展, 2018, 16(14): 1765-1767. [百度学术]
LI T X, YIN G, SUN Z P, et al. Analysis of the efficacy of laparoscopy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer with serosal invasion[J]. Oncology Progress, 2018, 16(14): 1765-1767. Chinese [百度学术]
李作周, 马水英, 王花丽. 开腹与腹腔镜胃癌根治术对老年进展期胃癌患者应激反应及免疫功能的影响[J]. 腹腔镜外科杂志, 2018, 23(6): 426-429. [百度学术]
LI Z Z, MA S Y, WANG H L. Influence of laparotomy and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy on stress response and immune function in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. Journal of Laparoscopic Surgery, 2018, 23(6): 426-429. Chinese [百度学术]
张焱辉, 李靖锋, 唐俊, 等. 腹腔镜胃癌根治术对进展期胃癌的应激、免疫变化及并发症的影响[J]. 中国临床研究, 2018, 31(2): 150-153. [百度学术]
ZHANG Y H, LI J F, TANG J, et al. Study on stress, immune changes and complications of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Research, 2018, 31(2): 150-153. Chinese [百度学术]